SKU: 27190972065

Robert Nixon and Police Torture in Chicago, 1871-1971

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Robert Nixon and Police Torture in Chicago, 1871-1971In 2015, Chicago became the first city in the United States to create a reparations fund for victims of police torture, after investigations revealed that former Chicago police commander Jon Burge tortured numerous suspects in the 1970s, '80s, and '90s. But claims of police torture have even deeper roots in Chicago. In the late 19th century, suspects maintained that Chicago police officers put them in sweatboxes or held them incommunicado until they

In 2015, Chicago became the first city in the United States to create a reparations fund for victims of police torture, after investigations revealed that former Chicago police commander Jon Burge tortured numerous suspects in the 1970s, '80s, and '90s. But claims of police torture have even deeper roots in Chicago. In the late 19th century, suspects maintained that Chicago police officers put them in sweatboxes or held them incommunicado until they confessed to crimes they had not committed. In the first decades of the 20th century, suspects and witnesses stated that they admitted guilt only because Chicago officers beat them, threatened them, and subjected them to sweatbox methods. Those claims continued into the 1960s.

In Robert Nixon and Police Torture in Chicago, 1871-1971, Elizabeth Dale uncovers the lost history of police torture in Chicago between the Chicago Fire and 1971, tracing the types of torture claims made in cases across that period. To show why the criminal justice system failed to adequately deal with many of those allegations of police torture, Dale examines one case in particular, the 1938 trial of Robert Nixon for murder. Nixon's case is famous for being the basis for the novel Native Son, by Richard Wright. Dale considers the part of Nixon's account that Wright left out of his story: Nixon's claims that he confessed after being strung up by his wrists and beaten and the legal system's treatment of those claims. This original study will appeal to scholars and students interested in the history of criminal justice, and general readers interested in Midwest history, criminal cases, and the topic of police torture.



Binding Type: Hardcover
Publisher: Northern Illinois University Press
Published: 05/25/2016
ISBN: 9780875807393
Pages: 184
Weight: 0.90lbs
Size: 9.10h x 6.10w x 0.70d
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SKU: 27190972065

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Cowey Crew
New York, US
★★★★★ 4
Great Toy, but Big Dogs Destroy the Squeakers Fast
Color: Wild Duck, Hare, Squirrel & Alligator, Size: Large
My big dogs had the squeaker torn out in no time, but my little dog absolutely loves this toy. It’s the perfect size for her, and she carries it everywhere. Durable enough for small pups, just not tough enough for heavy chewers. Still a fun toy overall!
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Reviewed in the United States on February 15, 2026
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Leigh Evans
Lexington, US
★★★★★ 5
Fun for dogs
Color: Green/Alligator, Size: Small
Smaller than I expected, but the two little dogs love it! They love shaking it, making it squeak, tugging it against each other & chasing it when I throw it to fetch. They often sleep laying on it.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 25, 2026
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AngelKlein2275
Cuba, US
★★★★★ 3
WEIRD feature - requires a water bottle
Color: Cow, Size: Large
Cute, but buyer beware. Maybe the description said this, but who would think to read for this.... You have to insert an empty bottle (like an old water bottle) for it to make the crinkle noise. There is a velcro spot at the base where you can open it and insert the water bottle for the noise factor and your dogs entertainment. I've yet to do that, but feel like my dog is gonna figure out the velcro and get the bottle out in no time. Seems like a waste of money. I could just give her an empty water bottle without the toy for free.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 9, 2026
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Alice
Massapequa, US
★★★★★ 5
Best dog toy!
Color: Multicolor/Alligator & Wild Duck, Size: Medium, Color: Multicolor/Alligator & Wild Duck, Size: Medium
Best dog toy! Most dog toys lady maybe a week or less but this one has been going strong for almost 2 months. Both the squeekers still work on both toys i purchased. My vizsla loves ti squeek and carry it around. We added an empty water bottle in the pocket cavity for some extra fun! Yes, we are still on the same water bottle! Fantastic durability.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 26, 2026
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Amy Jo
Phoenix, US
★★★★★ 3
Shows wear quickly
Color: Multicolor/Sheep & Cow, Size: Medium
These are cute but not holding up as well as I had hoped. Quality is ok and the Velcro has held up great. The fabric just isn’t as good as it could be. They are much larger than expected.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 28, 2026

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