SKU: 29467763295

-NH2 modified upconverting(yellow-green)

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Description

-NH2 modified upconverting(yellow-green)Product Name Name: NH2 modified upconverting nanoparticlesyellow green light Product Overview Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are nanomaterials that can convert low energy light into high energy light. They are composed of inorganic nanocrystals doped with rare earth ions and have unique upconversion luminescence properties. Rare earth upconversion luminescence is based on the 4f electron transition of lanthanide rare earth ions. Currently, the

Product Name

Name: -NH2 modified upconverting nanoparticles(yellow-green light)

Product Overview

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are nanomaterials that can convert low-energy light into high-energy light. They are composed of inorganic nanocrystals doped with rare earth ions and have unique upconversion luminescence properties. Rare earth upconversion luminescence is based on the 4f electron transition of lanthanide rare earth ions. Currently, the common upconversion luminescence mechanisms can be summarized into three types: excited state absorption, energy transfer upconversion, and photon avalanche.

The preparation methods of upconversion nanoparticles mainly include coprecipitation method, high-temperature pyrolysis method, hydrothermal method, solvothermal method, sol gel method, etc. In order to widely apply UCNPs in the biomedical field, in addition to improving luminescence efficiency, it is also necessary to functionalize their surfaces to enhance water solubility and biocompatibility, and achieve multifunctionality. The main surface modification methods include ligand exchange (PEG, PEI, etc. with - COOH, - NH2 groups), ligand oxidation, ligand adsorption, layer by layer self-assembly, and silica coating.

Most of the rare earth doped ions in the nuclear nanoparticles are exposed on the crystal surface, which is prone to non radiative energy transfer with the external environment, leading to fluorescence quenching and thus reducing the upconversion luminescence efficiency. The most commonly used method to reduce this quenching process is to wrap an inert shell layer on the surface of doped nanocrystals to form a core-shell structure, which confines the luminescent ions in the internal core. The shell layer increases the distance between the luminescent center ion and the external environment, effectively reducing energy transfer and thus increasing the luminescence efficiency. At present, the most commonly used method is to modify the shell layer in the previously synthesized nuclear layer structure that is the same as the matrix material, such as NaYF: Yb, Er@NaYF4 NaYF4: Yb, Tm@NaYF4.

Technical Parameter

Emission wavelength: 545/660 nm

Excitation wavelength: 975-980nm

Particle diameter: 35 nm

Main components: NaYREF4 (RE:Yb, Er) 

Product Features

Colorful luminescence: By changing the type and concentration of rare earth ions doped, multi-color luminescence from visible light to near-infrared light can be achieved.

Stokes shift is large: Stokes shift refers to the difference between the emission wavelength and the excitation wavelength. The Stokes shift of upconversion nanoparticles is relatively large, which can effectively reduce self absorption and background interference, improve luminescence efficiency and detection sensitivity.

Good photostability: Upconversion nanoparticles have good photostability and can maintain stable luminescence performance under long-term illumination.

Good biocompatibility: Through surface modification, upconversion nanoparticles can be coupled with biomolecules (such as proteins, antibodies, etc.) to achieve biological labeling and detection.

Non damaging to biological tissues: Its excitation light source near-infrared light (980nm or 808nm) has strong light penetration, almost no damage to biological tissues, and no background fluorescence.

Application Fields

Biomedical: Upconversion nanoparticles can serve as biomarkers for cell imaging, biological detection, drug delivery, and other applications. For example, coupling upconversion nanoparticles with antibodies or biomolecules can achieve targeted labeling and detection of specific cells or biomolecules.

Optical imaging: Upconversion nanoparticles can be used for deep tissue imaging, such as in vivo animal imaging. Due to its longer emission wavelength, it can penetrate deeper biological tissues, reduce tissue scattering and self fluorescence interference, and improve imaging clarity and contrast.

Photocatalysis: Upconversion nanoparticles can convert visible light into ultraviolet or near-infrared light, thereby broadening the spectral response range of photocatalytic materials and improving photocatalytic efficiency.

Solar cells: Upconversion nanoparticles can be used to improve the efficiency of solar cells. By combining upconversion nanoparticles with solar cell materials, low-energy photons can be converted into high-energy photons, increasing the absorption and utilization of solar light by the cell.

Related Information

Please e-mail for the detailed characterization data.

E-mail:[email protected] 

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"Bowser, those Chinese never did stand a chance." - Marine general O.P. Smith
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The signs was already there. To anyone that bothered to look. But prejudice and victory fever had blinded the top brass to what was unfolding on the ground. Luckily for the men on the ground, there was one top brass that saw the signs, and acted on it. That was the overall situation for the men of the 1st Marine division and the 7th Army division in November 1950. While McArthur and his entourage were busying themselves with the planning of victory parades in Tokyo and promoting a 'Home by Christmas' atmosphere to the press, general O. P. Smith was already laying the ground work for what would determine the outcome of the Chosin reservoir campaign. In the surrounding snow covered hills and mountains, a vast number of Chinese soldiers from the 9th Army was being rushed into position to spring the trap that McArthur and Almond was walking into. What followed was a series of battles that was almost as brutal as the weather. I say almost, because the biggest killer of Chinese troops, wasn't American bombs and bullets, but the winter. One of the coldest in Korean history. Accompanied by the howling wind sweeping down from Manchuria and Siberia. Both sides made their share of mistakes. McArthur, for rejecting any intel showing that Chinese troopes were in Korea. General Song Shilun, who's troops had been told American soldiers were 'paper tigers'. As such, the PLA, anticipating a quick and easy victory, withheld winter cloths and issued only 2-3 days worth of rations while ordering their troops to make a 60 mile forced march from the border, across snow covered forests and mountains, to the reservoir. When the order to attack came, the troops were already in the early stages of starvation. Not only did the Marines held their ground, they annihilated the Chinese units. To make matters worse, their primitive means of communication made it impossible to coordinate their attacks. While as the Marines, despite being surrounded, was able to grind the Chinese units down through a combination of Marine Air Wing, combined arms and gung ho spirit. That, and general Smiths precautions allowd both the Marines and the Army units to fight their way out of a calamity caused by the prejudicial ignorance of McArthur and Almond.
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Rebecca Hill
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The police action in Korea began to heat up very quickly, as Chinese troops began to pour over the border, and take up defensive positions. The Marines that were deployed to the area had their hands full, trying to keep even more troops from crossing, while also defending the surrounding area. The horrific weather conditions, without the proper gear, and the determination of the Marines to refuse to give ground gave way to a very volatile situation. With temperatures continuing to plumate, the biggest enemy on either side was not munitions, it was frostbite and death. Many soldiers froze to death. Chinese soldiers were issued cold weather gear that was far below what was needed for the sub-zero temperatures of the region. Soldiers from the United States were not initially given the correct gear, although there was a push to get what was needed, but many still lost fingers and toes to frostbite. Medical units were also not fully prepared for the onslaught that was coming their way. Many found themselves overwhelmed with wounded, while low on supplies and materials. This was a great read, and a real eye-opener on the deprivations that were suffered by both sides during the beginning of the Korean War. Joseph Wheelan again brings a great amount of detail, both tactical and strategic, as we look at one of the more brutal aspects of the Korean War.
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