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St. John Chrysostom icon (2)

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St. John Chrysostom icon (2)Orthodox icon of Saint John the Chrysostom, Patriarch of Constantinople (2), Saint Sophia Church Constantinople. Commemorated November 13. Saint John Chrysostom, Archbishop of Constantinople, one of the Three Hierarchs [January 30], was born at Antioch in about the year 347 into the family of a military commander. His father, Secundus, died soon after the birth of his son. His mother, Anthusa, widowed at twenty years of age, did not seek to remarry

Orthodox icon of Saint John the Chrysostom, Patriarch of Constantinople (2),  Saint Sophia Church Constantinople.

Commemorated November 13.

Saint John Chrysostom, Archbishop of Constantinople, one of the Three Hierarchs [January 30], was born at Antioch in about the year 347 into the family of a military commander. His father, Secundus, died soon after the birth of his son. His mother, Anthusa, widowed at twenty years of age, did not seek to remarry but rather devoted all her efforts to the raising of her son in Christian piety. The youth studied under the finest philosophers and rhetoricians. But, scorning the vain disciplines of pagan knowledge, the future hierarch turned himself to the profound study of Holy Scripture and prayerful contemplation.

St Meletius, Bishop of Antioch (February 12), loved John like a son, guided him in the Faith, and in the year 367 baptized him. After three years John was tonsured as a Reader. When St Meletius had been sent into exile by the emperor Valens in the year 372, John and Theodore (afterwards Bishop of Mopsuestia) studied under the experienced instructors of ascetic life, the presbyters Flavian and Diodorus of Tarsus.

The highly refined Diodorus had particular influence upon the youth. When John's mother died, he embraced monasticism, which he called the true philosophy. Soon John and his friend Basil were being considered as candidates for the episcopal office, and they decided to withdraw into the wilderness to avoid this. While St John avoided the episcopal rank out of humility, he secretly assisted in Basil's consecration. During this period St John wrote his Six Discourses on the Priesthood,  a great work of Orthodox pastoral theology.

The saint spent four years struggling in the wilderness, living the ascetic life under the guidance of an experienced spiritual guide. And here he wrote three books entitled, Against the Opponents of Those Attracted to the Monastic Life, and a collection entitled, A Comparison of the Monk with the Emperor (also known as Comparison of Imperial Power, Wealth and Eminence, with the True and Christian Wisdom-Loving Monastic Life), both works which are marked by a profound reflection of the worthiness of the monastic vocation.

For two years, the saint lived in a cave in complete silence, but was obliged to return to Antioch to recover his health. St Meletius, the Bishop of Antioch, ordained him deacon in the year 381. The following years were devoted to work on new theological writings: Concerning Providence (To the Ascetic Stagirios, Book Concerning Virginity, To a Young Widow (2 discourses), and the Book of St Babylos, and Against Julian and the Pagans. In the year 386 St John was ordained presbyter by Bishop Flavian of Antioch. St John was a splendid preacher, and his inspired words earned him the name Golden-Mouthed (Chrysostom).

For twelve years the saint preached in church, usually twice a week, but sometimes daily, deeply stirring the hearts of his listeners. In his pastoral zeal to provide Christians with a better understanding of Holy Scripture, St John employed hermeneutics, an interpretation and analysis of the Word of God (i.e. exegesis). Among his exegetical works are commentaries on entire books of the Holy Scripture (Genesis, the Psalter, the Gospels of Matthew and John, the Epistles of the Apostle Paul), and also many homilies on individual texts of the Holy Bible, but also instructions on the Feastdays, laudations on the Saints, and also apologetic (i.e. defensive) homilies (against Anomoeans, Judaizers and pagans).

As a priest, St John zealously fulfilled the Lord's command to care for the needy. Under St John, the Antiochian Church provided sustenance each day to as many as 3,000 virgins and widows, not including in this number the shut-ins, wanderers and the sick.  St John began his commentary on Genesis at the beginning of Great Lent in 388, preaching thirty-two homilies during the forty day period. During Holy Week he spoke of how Christ was betrayed, and about the Cross. During Bright Week, his pastoral discourse was devoted to the Resurrection. His exegesis of the Book of Genesis was concluded only at the end of October (388).

At Pascha in the following year the saint began his homilies on the Gospel of John, and toward the end of the year 389 he took up the Gospel of Matthew. In the year 391 the Antioch Christians listened to his commentary on the Epistles of the holy Apostle Paul to the Romans and to the Corinthians. In 393 he explained the Epistles to the Galatians, the Ephesians, Timothy, Titus, and the Psalms. In his homily on the Epistle to the Ephesians, St John denounced a schism in Antioch, I tell you and I witness before you, that to tear asunder the Church means nothing less than to fall into heresy.

The Church is the house of the heavenly Father, one Body and one Spirit.The fame of the holy preacher grew, and in the year 397 with the death of Archbishop Nectarius of Constantinople, successor to St Gregory the Theologian, St John Chrysostom was summoned from Antioch, and elected to the See of Constantinople. At the capital, the holy archpastor was not able to preach as often as he had at Antioch. Many matters awaited the saint's attention, and he began with the most important -- the spiritual perfection of the priesthood.

He himself was the best example of this. The financial means apportioned for the archbishop were channeled by the saint into the upkeep of several hospices for the sick and two hostels for pilgrims. He fasted strictly and ate very little food, and usually refused invitations to dine because of his delicate stomach. The saint's zeal in spreading the Christian Faith extended not only to the inhabitants of Constantinople, but also to Thrace to include Slavs and Goths, and to Asia Minor and the Pontine region.

He established a bishop for the Bosphorus Church in the Crimea. St John sent off zealous missionaries to Phoenicia, to Persia, and to the Scythians, to convert pagans to Christ. He also wrote letters to Syria to bring back the Marcionites into the Church, and he accomplished this. Preserving the unity of the Church, the saint would not permit a powerful Gothic military commander, who wanted the emperor to reward his bravery in battle, to open an Arian church at Constantinople. The saint exerted much effort in enhancing the splendor of the church services: he compiled a Liturgy, he introduced antiphonal singing for the all-night Vigil, and he wrote several prayers for the rite of anointing the sick with oil.

The saintly hierarch denounced the dissolute morals of people in the capital, especially at the imperial court, irrespective of person. When the empress Eudoxia connived to confiscate the last properties of the widow and children of a disgraced dignitary, the saint rose to their defense. The arrogant empress would not relent, and nursed a grudge against the archpastor. Eudoxia's hatred of the saint blazed forth anew when malefactors told her that the saint apparently had her in mind during his sermon on vain women.

A court was convened composed of hierarchs who had been justly condemned by Chrysostom: Theophilus of Alexandria, Bishop Severian of Gabala, who had been banished from the capital because of improprieties, and others. This court of judgment declared St John deposed, and that he be executed for his insult to the empress. The emperor decided on exile instead of execution. An angry crowd gathered at the church, resolved to defend their pastor. In order to avoid a riot, St John submitted to the authorities.

That very night there was an earthquake at Constantinople. The terrified Eudoxia urgently requested the emperor to bring the saint back, and promptly sent a letter to the banished pastor, beseeching him to return. Once more, in the capital church, the saint praised the Lord in a short talk, For All His Ways. The slanderers fled to Alexandria. But after only two months a new denunciation provoked the wrath of Eudoxia. In March 404, an unjust council was convened, decreeing the exile of St John. Upon his removal from the capital, a fire reduced the church of Hagia Sophia and also the Senate building to ashes.

Devastating barbarian incursions soon followed, and Eudoxia died in October 404. Even pagans regarded these events as God's punishment for the unjust judgment against the saint. In Armenia, the saint strove all the more to encourage his spiritual children. In numerous letters (245 are preserved) to bishops in Asia, Africa, Europe and particularly to his friends in Constantinople, St John consoled the suffering, guiding and giving support to his followers. In the winter of 406 St John was confined to his bed with sickness, but his enemies were not to be appeased. From the capital came orders to transfer St John to desolate Pityus in Abkhazia on the Black Sea.

Worn out by sickness, the saint began his final journey under military escort, traveling for three months in the rain and frost. He never arrived at his place of exile, for his strength failed him at Comana. At the crypt of St Basiliscus (May 22), St John was comforted by a vision of the martyr, who said, Despair not, brother John! Tomorrow we shall be together. After receiving the Holy Mysteries, the hierarch fell asleep in the Lord on September 14, 407.

His last words were, Glory to God for all things! The holy relics of St John Chrysostom were solemnly transferred to Constantinople in the year 438. The disciple of St John, the venerable Isidore of Pelusium (February 4), wrote: The house of David is grown strong, and the house of Saul enfeebled. He is victor over the storms of life, and has entered into heavenly repose. Although he died on September 14, St John's celebration was transferred to this day because of the Feast of the Elevation of the Holy Cross. 

Reference: O.C.A.

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Robert Mech
San Leandro, US
★★★★★ 5
Great replacement to my older 5.1 Yamaha receiver.
Style: 7.2 Receiver
Great replacement for an older Yamaha. My previous unit lasted 10 years and I see no reason why this new one wont last another 10. Familiar features and setup to other Yamaha receivers. Zero issues with setup and contrary to others, you can use all the features without the app. While the app does add some features for streaming, the unit is fully usable as a receiver for movies, surround, etc. without the app. Overall the sound improvement is spectacular, the high slew rate really makes a difference and DSP much improved over the older 10 year old unit I had. Solid hardware, solid setup and while I'm not about Brand Loyalty, the Yamaha still had better features, reviews and quality than the other major brands. I would have no issue recommending this to unit to anyone. Remember, these units are about the sound they offer, not the the wiz bang features you see in some other units. Reliable hardware, reliable sound and a rich feature set makes this unit a no brainer.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 1, 2026
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EDominguez
Birmingham, US
★★★★★ 5
Great receiver for money!
Style: 7.2 Receiver
I got this to replace my lackluster Onkyo TX-NR6050 I purchased from Costco. Three areas stand out for me with the Yamaha receiver: 1: Audio, movies sound great, dialogue is clear. Action scenes are impactful and dynamic. 2: Picture quality, bright, vibrant and beautiful colors from my PC and from my Firestick. 3: Ease of use, out of the box ready to go. Menu is dated (no gui really just an overlay, which is fine by me). Renaming inputs, adjusting speaker settings and setting EQ preferences super easy. Took about 20-25 minutes to fully setup. In those 20-25 minutes I was already way ahead of the Onkyo. Great value for the price! Volume is very easy to set! Still have to test PS5 performance, Bluetooth connectivity, USB settings, WiFi and a few other items. I’ll probably end up buying a Blu-ray player since this was so easy to setup! Or maybe use my PS5/Xbox One :)
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Reviewed in the United States on October 15, 2025
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Yacht Design Software Developer
Houston, US
★★★★★ 5
Solid 2 Zone Receiver / Amplifier - Excellent video and Audio
Style: 7.2 Receiver
I purchased this Yamaha to replace the 10YO previous version that no longer decoded SiriusXM. This new clean front panel design and much improved remote control are easy to use once installed. I have to say the only complexity I have run into is connecting 3 smart devices together - NVIDIA Shield PRO Streaming Box, RX V6A Receiver and LG OLED TV via HDMI chain from Streaming to Receiver to TV with no audio or video passing through the TV first. The only issues that result is getting all 3 to play nicely when switching on and off via a single (NVIDIA) remote control. It is nothing short of fantastic to be able to have such a simple remote control all three devices for the most common functions. Only specialty settings require a specific remote. However it becomes an issue of chicken or egg - as control messages to go on or off are carried by HDMI and the power sequence becomes complex - with options to turn on or off IF ... THEN... for all 3! Otherwise the receiver has been a dream to finally restore sound to several rooms in our home from SIriusXM and now several other sources as well, I'm thrilled with the features, new MusiCast control and ease of operation once installed and properly paired for single remote operation. I plan to have this around another 10 years and enjoye the excellent 4K video upscaled by the NVIDIA device and handled beautifully by the receiver to drive the TV in rich color and great 5 Channel Sound.
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Reviewed in the United States on December 25, 2023
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Steven Tarren
Draper, US
★★★★★ 4
A great A/V receiver at a great price. Too bad Amazon Customer support is horrible.
Style: 7.2 Receiver, Style: 7.2 Receiver
Pros, 1. A 7.2 channel A/V receiver that can do 5.1.2 Atmos. It also support DTS-X as well. 2. 200 watts total power. Don't let that fool you. It powers my 5.1.2 speaker setup far better than my previous Onkyo TX-NR5100 that's supposed to 80 watts per channel. Also sounds a lot better and clearer. 3. 7 HMDI inputs and 1 HDMI eARC output that support 8k/60hz and 4k/120hz with Dolby Vision. Additional speaker inputs for extra zones for run into other room. 4. Uses banana plugs for easy installation. 5. Has both WIFI and Bluetooth. Also includes an AM/FM antenna as well as a speaker calibration mic. 6. Has two RCA subwoofer input jacks for dual sub units. 7. Very well built and very sturdy unit. Looks very nice. 8. Includes an extremely nice remove control. Cons, 1. It's not the easiest to setup nor the most user friendly. Once setup you should be good, but it's a matter of the learning curves. 2. Make sure you get the latest firmware. You may get unlucky, get an older unit, wonder where all the features are at and why they're not available. 3. Lastly Amazon customer support is utterly horrible and useless. I order this produce and later that day they offered a discount. I called up customer support for a price match and THEY REFUSED TO DO IT!!!! I ended up canceling the order and reordering at the better price and Amazon ended up losing money because they were getting ready to ship the first order. LEARN TO PRICE MATCH LIKE YOUR COMPETITION!!!!!!!! I have this hooked up to my computer for movies and gaming, it works great because of the 120hz pass through. Other than horrible customer support the receiver is great and otherwise I'd have rated it a 5 star. I took one star for the customer support.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 11, 2025
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Ken
West Palm Beach, US
★★★★★ 5
Review
Style: 7.2 Receiver
So far I’ve been very pleased with the unit although I only use it for powering two large front 4 ohm external speakers while listening to music streaming on apps in the TV. Unlike AVs from both Denon (who I believe has the best tech support) and Onkyo that I returned, when I turn on my Sony Bravia TV with settings enabled for eARC, the Yamaha unit does not automatically turn on and subsequently switch sound to the external speakers. Perhaps it’s possible but it’s not something that I wanted. Additionally, I came to learn that both Denon and Onkyo are owned by the same parent company, which may explain their common behavior. However, the Yamaha receiver does automatically switch to the external speakers when I power it on and I am able to control the AVR volume with my TV remote control. Additionally, with the settings I have on the TV and AVR, when I turn off the AVR, the sound automatically switches back to coming from the TV speakers, and the TV does remain on. Again, something I want to happen. In general, I’ve found that these devices are very complicated with their myriad number of settings on both the TV and the AVR, and it can be very challenging to properly set them. I’m retired now but my undergraduate degree is in electrical engineering from an Ivy League school at a time when we used slide rules to do the mathematics. I would say that it’s not easy to learn how to use the devices with eARC. If you only want to improve the TV sound, I'm guessing that's it's a lot simpler to use a sound bar. In my case, I've had large and expensive 4 ohm front speakers that I wanted to continue to use (my old AVR does not have any HDMI connections) so a sound bar was not an option for me.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 14, 2024

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