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Unified Theory And Practice

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Description

Unified Theory And PracticeThere are seven adhesion theories scattered in the literature. Each explains adhesion strength loosely in words and figures. The unified theory of polymer adhesion derives a mathematical equation linking bond length, bond energy and bond strength (lb in 2 ). It unifies and clarifies prior insights into a coherent concept. A set of guidelines is compiled on the effects of functional groups, solvent blends, pigments and filler, adhesion promotion, and

There are seven adhesion theories scattered in the literature. Each explains adhesion strength loosely in words and figures. The unified theory of polymer adhesion derives a mathematical equation linking bond length, bond energy and bond strength (lb/in 2 ). It unifies and clarifies prior insights into a coherent concept. A set of guidelines is compiled on the effects of functional groups, solvent blends, pigments and filler, adhesion promotion, and the causes of adhesion loss.

Due to the complex matrix effects, the quantitative XRD & XRF analyses of mixtures require calibration lines from standard, hence tedious and time-consuming. New insights reveal that both the matrix effects and calibration lines can be eliminated mathematically. A decoding formula applies to both XRD & XRF. One XRD or XRF scan quantifies the chemical elements or compounds in any mixture. The unified procedure reduces about 80% of work current practice with a precision of ± 5% or better.

About the Author

Frank H. Chung, PhD, is a former Senior Scientist at Sherwin-Williams Co. and Vice President of R&D at Marson Corporation. Dr. Chung received his PhD degree (1968) in physical chemistry from Kent State University, Ohio. He did postdoctoral studies at MIT, IIT and the Lehigh University.

Dr. Chung formulated the unified theories on the polymer adhesion and on the XRD & XRF analyses of mixtures. The United Nations sent him to Beijing, China, as tour speaker (1985). He was invited speaker at British Crystallographic Association (1986) and International Union of Crystallography (1987 and 1993).

Dr. Chung is the author of three books and some 40 professional papers in XRD, XRF, polymer adhesion, latex and coating technology. Dr. Chung and Prof. Smith edited Industrial Applications of X-ray Diffraction, Marcel Dekker, New York (2000), a tome of over 1,000 pages, which has been selected by MIT as a textbook.

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SKU: 77377528898

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Morgan M.
Phoenix, US
★★★★★ 5
Our dog loves this toy so much we bought her a second one!
Size: Large, Size: Large
This is absolutely the best dog toy! Our girl has destroyed just about every other toy we have gotten her, but these have lasted 4 months with no sign of damage or wear (just lots of dirt!). She always has one of these in her mouth (occasionally both when she manages it). They survive tug of war, they are great for throwing, and even better for kicking. Have two is super handy for alternating which ball you kick/throw. Super glad we found them - I can't recommend them enough!
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Reviewed in the United States on November 29, 2023
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Frequent Customer
Alexandria, US
★★★★★ 3
Just 1 toy!
Size: Medium
We have a big dog and a small dog. This is a perfect toy for both of them. However, my low rating comes from the seller. The ad description showed two balls for just under $15. (What a deal!). I received one ball….. and when I went to look back, it does in fact say much lower in the description “ you will receive one of these two color options” Generally, if they’re just showing you color, you have a choice in this case I did not have a choice and I find the post with two balls very deceiving! Five stars for the toy one star for the seller equals three stars
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Reviewed in the United States on November 8, 2025
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DeEtta Sue Meeks
Charlottesville, US
★★★★★ 5
Better than the others
Size: Large
I was in search of a ball that would hold up after the brand I’d bought for years suddenly lasted less than a month. This one is almost 3 months in use. Some damage done after playing with it almost non-stop, but still going.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 15, 2024
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B. Hathcock
Louisville, US
★★★★★ 5
Aggressive chewers have met their match.
Size: 10.5 inch Rubber Flex Tread
We purchased this toy in 2022, it finally broke last night. Four years of rough play with 2 boxers who are aggressive chewers. They would tug together, gnaw on it for hours, and often leave it outside exposed to the elements, but this toy just kept going. It was by far their favorite toy, it kept them busy for hours. I just ordered a replacement. Well worth the money, perfect size. Highly recommend.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 1, 2026
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Erika Wilson
Massapequa, US
★★★★★ 5
Durable, fun, and safe for my dog
Size: 10.5 inch Rubber Flex Tread
I have a 10 month old, 50 lb mutt who has the musculature of a pit bull and the muzzle of a GSD. Buttercup’s favorite past-time is shredding toys into teeny tiny bits, but sometimes those bits don’t come back out of her mouth. She can’t have tennis balls, stuffies, anything with a squeaker, silicone toys, plastic toys, rubber toys with spikes or small appendages, anything with rope, or most chews & bones. She chewed her first and only $8+ XL bully stick like a corn chip. Finding indoor enrichment is a challenge. Buttercup is extremely pleased with this tire tug thingy, it is very ergonomic for both her and me to get a handle on it, it has more movement than any other toy she can safely have, and it’s very durable. After more than a week, there’s only a little bit of tread missing, which is definitely the best-case outcome with a super chewer. I think this is a good alternative to GoNut toys because it’s solid & dense while also a little bit easier & more interesting to play with, and very unlike GoNuts, this Tonka toy is very reasonably priced. I also think this it’s a good size for almost any breed of dog—I could definitely picture a little Boston or Frenchie dangling from one end. Highly recommended!
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Reviewed in the United States on December 20, 2024

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